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| Cipro
is manufactured by : Bayer |
| Available
forms : Infusion, Injection, Suspension, Tablets |
| Generic
name : ciprofloxacin (sip-roe-flox-a-sin) |
| Classification
: Therapeutic - anti-infectives |
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!!! Do not confuse Cipro with Keflex |
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Cipro available forms : |
Infusion (premixed) : 200 mg in 100 ml D5W, 400 mg in 200 ml D5W |
Injection : 200 mg, 400 mg |
Suspension (oral) : 5g/100 ml (5%), 10g/100 ml (10%) |
Tablets (extended-release, film-coated) : 500 mg, 1000 mg |
Tablets (film-coated) : 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg |
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Cipro indications : |
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Cipro (Ciprofloxacin) is used in the treatment of : urinary tract and gynecologic infections, gonorrhea, prostatitis, respiratory tract infections including sinusitis, skin and skin structure infections, bone and joint infections, infectious diarrhea, intra-abdominal infections (Ciprofloxacin with Metronidazole), febrile neutropeinhalational anthrax.
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Cipro action : |
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Pharmacokinetics for Cipro : |
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Cipro contraindications and precautions : |
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Cipro is contraindicated in : hypersensitivity, crosssensitivity among agents may occur (including cinoxacin and nalidixic acid), pregnancy or children under 18 years (except for use of Cipro for anthrax and complicated urinary tract infections).
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Use Cipro cautiously in : underlying central nervous system pathology; renal impairment (dosage reduction if CCr less or equal with 50 ml/min), cirrhosis, geriatric persons, dialysis persons (increased risk of adverse reactions), lactation (safety not established except for post-exposure inhalational or cutaneous anthrax).
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Cipro adverse reactions and side effects : |
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Cipro side effects and adverse reactions can be : headache, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, depression, restlessness, seizures, confusion, nausea, diarrhea, increased alanine aminotransferase, increased aspartate aminotransferase, dry mouth, flatulence, heartburn, vomiting, oral candidiasis, dysphagia, rash, urticaria, chills, toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, visual impairment, tremor, tendon rupture.
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Cipro dosage : |
Oral administration (adults) :
- Most infections - 500-750 mg of Cipro every 12 hours.
- Urinary tract infections - 250-500 mg every 12 hours or 1000 mg every 24 hours for 10-14 days as extended-release tablets.
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections - 100 mg of Cipro every 12 hours for 3 days or 500 mg every 24 hours for 3 days as extended-release tablets.
- Gonorrhea - 250 mg single dose.
- Inhalational anthrax (post exposure) or cutaneous anthrax - 500 mg every 12 hours for 60 days.
Oral administration (children) :
- Complicated urinary tract infections in children 1-17 years : 10-20 mg/kg every 12 hours for 10-21 days (don't exceed 750 mg of Cipro per dose)
Intravenous (adults) :
- Most infections - 400 mg of Cipro every 12 hours.
- Urinary tract infections - 200 mg every 12 hours.
- Inhalational anthrax (post-exposure) - 400 mg every 12 hours for 60 days.
Intravenous (children) :
- Inhalational anthrax (post-exposure) - 10 mg/kg every 12 hours for 60 days (not to exceed 400 mg/dose);
- Complicated urinary tract infections in children 1 to 17 years - 6-10 mg/kg every 8 hours for 10-21 days (not to exceed 400 mg of Cipro per dose).
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Cipro renal impairment : |
Oral administration (adults) :
- CCr 30-50 ml/min : 250-500 mg every 12 hours;
- CCr 5-29 ml/min : 250-500 mg every 18 hours;
Intravenous (adults) :
- CCr 5-29 ml/min : 200-400 mg every 18-24 hours.
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How to administer Cipro : |
- Do not break, crush or chew Cipro XR tablets.
- Take Cipro (Ciprofloxacin) 2 hours before or 2 hours after antacids, zinc, iron or calcium.
- If gastric irritation occurs, Cipro may be administered with meals.Food slows and may slightly decrease absorption.
- Milk and yogurt decrease the absorption of Cipro.Do not administer concurrently.
- Cipro 5% and 10% oral suspension should not be administered through a feeding tube due to unusual physical characteristics.Shake solution for 15 seconds prior to administration.Do not chew microcapsules in solution.
Cipro intermittent infusion :
- Dilute to a concentration of 1-2 mg/ml with 0,9% NaCl or D5W.Stable for 14 days at refrigerated or room temperature.
- Rate - administer over 60 minutes into a large vein to minimize venous irritation.
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Useful advices on Cipro : |
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Take Cipro (Ciprofloxacin) exactly as directed at evenly spaced times and finish drug completely, even if feeling better.Take missed doses of Cipro as soon as possible, unless almost time for next dose.Do not double doses.Sharing this medication may be very dangerous.
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Notify health care professional immediately if you're taking theophylline.
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Maintain a fluid intake of at least 1500-2000 ml/day to prevent crystalluria.
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Antacids or medications containing iron or zinc will decrease absorption and should not be taken within 6 hours before Cipro.
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Cipro may cause dizziness and drowsiness.Avoid driving or other activities requiring alertness until response to medication is known.
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Use sunscreen and protective clothing to prevent phototoxicity reactions during and for 5 days after Cipro therapy.Notify health care professional if a sunburn-like reaction or skin eruption occurs.
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You need to know that if you're treated for gonorrhea your partners also must be treated.
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Consult health care professional before taking any other Rx, OTC or herbal products.
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Report signs of superinfection (furry overgrowth on the tongue, vaginal itching or discharge, loose or foul-smelling stools).
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Notify health care professional if fever and diarrhea develop, especially if stool contains blood, pus or mucus.Don't treat diarrhea without consulting health care professional.
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Notify health care professional immediately if rash or tendon pain or inflammation occur.In this case Cipro therapy should be discountinued.
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Use rinsing of mouth, sugarless candy or gum for dry mouth.
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Because Cipro appears in breast milk, stop breast-feeding during treatment or consider treatment with another drug.
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